WHY DID POST-SOVIET RUSSIA NOT FOLLOW THE "CHINESE PATH" OF REFORMS?

Abstract

Analyzing the progress of reforms in the two countries, A.V. Kiva emphasizes that China managed to reform the country in an evolutionary way without the shocks that the Russian Federation went through. Deng Xiaoping's team carefully developed a reform model, including ways to get outside investment, technology, and expertise. At the same time, the emphasis was placed on internal development, and the authorities refused any geopolitical projects in order to save money. Already at the beginning of the reforms, the emphasis was placed on the development of the industrial and innovative sector in the economy and the creation of a strong export potential in order to obtain currency and increase investment in the economy. At the same time, Deng Xiaoping instructed his colleagues not to quarrel with anyone, not to react to unfriendly statements against China, no matter where they came from. As for Russia, the team of young reformers led by Yegor Gaidar did not develop their own model of reforms, but borrowed it from the United States and implemented it with the participation of American advisers. This model is made in the spirit of neoliberalism and a priori was disastrous for Russia. In the zero years, the model has changed, but the problem of transferring the country's raw material economy to the rails of industrial and innovative development has not been solved. Russia, as the legal successor of the USSR, became embroiled in expensive geopolitical projects, quarreled with a number of influential countries, and failed to evade sanctions that hindered its development.